ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I83. 9 may differ. L30 should not be used for reimbursement purposes as there are multiple codes below it that contain a greater level of detail. L30. Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of left lower extremity. Find out more. 500 results found. 0 may differ. Combined arterial insufficiency and corporo. 3); small plaque parapsoriasis (L41. 620 became effective on October 1, 2023. Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. C3 — Oedema. Short description: Type 2 diabetes mellitus with oth circulatory complications. Postthrom syndrome w ulcer and inflam of unsp low extrm; Postthrombotic ulcer with inflammation; Stasis dermatitis and venous ulcer due to postphlebitic syndrome ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. Hypertensive diseases. C1 — Telangiectasias or reticular veins. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. with stasis dermatitis with hemosiderin staining and a beefy wet appearance. Untreated chronic venous insufficiency can lead to the development of a blood clot (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT), which most often occurs in the leg veins of the thigh or calf muscles. Stasis dermatitis (also known as gravitational dermatitis, venous eczema, and venous stasis dermatitis) causes a red, itchy, scaly rash on the lower extremities. 2 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) Dermatitis stasis; Diabetes type 2 with statis ulcer; Peripheral venous insufficiency; Stasis dermatitis; Stasis dermatitis without varicosities; Stasis ulcer due to type 2 diabetes mellitus; Stasis. Venous ulcers (venous insufficiency ulceration, stasis ulcers, stasis dermatitis, varicose ulcers, or ulcus cruris) are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs (hence leg ulcers. I87. All other Codes (ICD-10, Bill Type, and Revenue) have moved to Articles for DME MACs, as they. Pseudo-obstruction (acute) (chronic) of intestine. 2024 ICD-10-CM Range I00-I99. Hardened skin. Stasis Dermatitis bile (noncalculous) K83. 2 for Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range - Diseases of the circulatory system . Dermatitis, unspecified. I87. B1. Explore this short guide to the ICD-10 code used for venous insufficiency and learn more about the code’s billability, synonyms, and clinical descriptions. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I83. Other names. Acute dacryocystitis. over time, this results in venous hypertension. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I83. Short description: Chronic venous hypertension w ulcer of r low extrem. and ICD-10-CM instructs to code first any associated gangrene. 319 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with ulcer of unspecified lower extremity. 1 may differ. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. 323 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of bilateral lower extremity. 39. , 2014). 519 Non-pressure chronic ulcer of other part of right foot with unspecified severity. What is the ICD-10 code for diabetes with venous insufficiency? Type 2 diabetes mellitus with other circulatory complications. Find out more. 39. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code N52. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. 2-) ICD. Unspecified codes - Unspecified codes exist in the ICD-10-CM classification for circumstances when documentation in the medical record does not provide the level of detail needed to support reporting a more specific code. Search Results. Search Results. Glaucoma with increased episcleral venous pressure, unspecified eye. Other specified functional intestinal disorders. #2. (15-124 years) with ulcer I83. Stasis dermatitis is caused by increased pressure inside a person’s veins. Learn about common codes, billable statuses, and gain clinical insights in this comprehensive guide. 813. 500 results found. Venous ulcers are open skin lesions that occur in an area affected by venous hypertension. increased risk of developing contact dermatitis. Cellulitis: this bacterial skin infection causes the skin to look swollen and red. Postphlebitic syndrome is chronic venous insufficiency that results from a. Venous stasis Venous hypertension Capillary fragility Aberrant cell mediated immunity. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. The primary reason for the admission was for. The disorder affects approximately 7% of adults older than 50 years, but it also can occur in younger patients. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of L59. Synonyms: bilateral lower limb edema, chronic cerebrospinal venous. Other specified functional intestinal disorders. Venous insufficiency is a long-term (chronic) condition in which the veins have problems sending blood from the legs back to the heart. Ulcerations or erosions may also be present. 500 results found. Stasis dermatitis, or stasis eczema, is a common inflammatory dermatosis of the lower extremities occurring in patients with chronic venous insufficiency, often in association with varicose veins, dependent chronic edema, hyperpigmentation, lipodermatosclerosis, and ulcerations ( picture 1A-B ). Other specified functional intestinal disorders. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I83. I questioned Coding Clinics directly regarding clarification on this issue, and just received their response: "ICD-10 CM presumes a casual relationship between two conditions when they are linked by the term "with" . Venous disease of the lower legs affects around 20% of people aged over 70 years. Categories Z00-Z99 are provided for occasions when circumstances other than a disease, injury or external cause classifiable to categories A00-Y89 are recorded as 'diagnoses' or 'problems'. Browse for your desired term or condition, or search for a specific disease / condition. 2. 8 - other international versions of ICD-10 L30. 323 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of bilateral lower extremity. 3 - other international versions of ICD-10 I87. Stasis edema; Type 1. Peripheral venous htn, chronic, inflamed, left; Stasis dermatitis of left lower extremity due to peripheral venous hypertension; ICD-10-CM I87. 8, E07. Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. NICM ICD-10-CM Codes. 303 is grouped within Diagnostic Related Group(s) (MS-DRG v 41. Here are some widely used codes, accompanied by their respective clinical descriptions: I87. Proximal deep venous thrombosis (e. ; Venous stasis edema with ulcer of ankle; Venous stasis edema with ulcer of ankle, bone necrosis; Venous stasis edema with ulcer of ankle, muscle necrosis. ) Stasis dermatitis occurs in people who have chronic swelling (edema) resulting from chronic venous insufficiency of the lower legs, which is damage to leg veins that prevents blood from flowing. ICD-10-CM Code for Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) I87. Find out more. Chronic venous insufficiency is a common cause of valve dysfunction. Chronic venous hypertension w inflammation of l low extrem; Peripheral venous htn, chronic, inflamed, left; Stasis dermatitis of left lower extremity due to peripheral venous hypertension. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I70. 0 Nummular dermatitis; L30. Varicose veins. A corresponding procedure code must accompany a Z code if a procedure is performed. In most instances, the underlying pathological mechanism is venous reflux induced by incompetent venous valves, obstruction to venous flow, or failure of the lower extremity muscle pump []. 303 is grouped within Diagnostic Related Group(s) (MS-DRG v 41. contact dermatitis (. Stasis dermatitis is inflammation, typically of the skin of the lower legs, caused by chronic edema. Conservative management for chronic venous insufficiency (Noninvasive procedures). Venous stasis dermatitis develops over time as tissues subjected to chronic venous hypertension develop inflammatory changes. Listed below are several examples of ICD-10 codes for ulcers: Stasis dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the lower extremities. Classically, CD is divided into two major categories of ICD and ACD, with the majority (>80%) of reactions being irritant in nature (Bolognia et al. 323 is grouped within Diagnostic Related Group(s) (MS-DRG v 41. ICD 10 code for Non-pressure chronic ulcer of skin of other sites with unspecified severity. Find out more. 499 is grouped within Diagnostic Related Group(s) (MS-DRG v. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. However, cellulitis can be difficult to diagnose due to a number of infectious and non-infectious clinical mimickers such as venous stasis dermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, lymphedema, and erythema migrans. 2. 201 - I70. :846 They are the major. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM L30 became effective on October 1, 2023. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code I87. , inflamed; Stasis dermatitis and venous ulcer of right lower extremity due to chronic peripheral venous hypertension; Venous stasis edema with ulcer of right ankle with inflammation; Venous. Familiarize yourself with the ICD-10 Codes for NICM and its clinical description, billability, synonyms, etc. Learn about common codes, billable statuses, and gain clinical insights in this comprehensive guide. It's common in people with varicose veins. Toggle navigation. I83. 2021 - New Code 2022 2023 2024 Billable/Specific Code. Int J Res Med Sci 2017 Sep; 5(9): 3921-3928. Stasis dermatitis occurs in people who have chronic swelling (edema) resulting from chronic venous insufficiency Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Postphlebitic Syndrome Chronic venous insufficiency is damage to leg veins that prevents blood from flowing normally. Irritant contact dermatitis related to saliva or spit fistula. Chronic venous hypertension with inflammation; Stasis dermatitis of lower extremity due to chronic peripheral vascular hypertension; ICD-10-CM I87. 0. 1 : I00-I99. 8 Varicose veins of lower extremities with other complications. Wounds and sores. Its signs and symptoms are skin discoloration, itch, dryness, and scaling and can be similar to the signs and symptoms of cellulitis and allergic contact dermatitis. Stasis dermatitis is inflammation of the dermis due to venous insufficiency that often is present in the bilateral lower extremities. Minor surgery can treat the venous insuciency that causes stasis dermatitis. 1 The prevalence of venous ulcers in the United States ranges from 1% to 3%. 10. Chronic venous hypertension w inflammation of l low extrem; Peripheral venous htn, chronic, inflamed, left; Stasis dermatitis of left lower extremity due to peripheral venous hypertension. 2-). . 323 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of bilateral lower extremity. Eczema NOS. Explore this short guide to the ICD-10 code used for venous insufficiency and learn more about the code’s billability, synonyms, and clinical descriptions. 3); small plaque parapsoriasis (L41. Chronic venous htn w inflammation of bilateral low extrm; Peripheral vein htn, chronic, inflamed, bilateral; Stasis dermatitis of bilateral lower extremities due to chronic peripheral venous hypertension. SD is associated with a significant burden of disease. S. Antibiotics continue at SNF. 392 are for the right and left lower extremities, respectively, with other complications. Diabetes continues to be a challenge for coders since the new instruction/guideline was released in AHA Coding Clinic® for ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS, First Quarter 2016. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code K59. 0): 299 Peripheral vascular disorders with mccICD-10-CM Code L97. ICD-10-CM does assume the link between diabetes and multiple common. Stasis ulcers are most likely caused by inadequate venous circulation in the area, so that is why it's classified this way. Other specified peripheral vascular diseases. The proximal and regional venous reflux has been treated and there is persisting focal pain and tenderness or stasis dermatitis overlying an IPV, OR;. Nummular dermatitis is a pruritic eczematous dermatosis characterized by multiple coin-shaped lesions. L30 Other and unspecified dermatitis. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web. Learn about common codes, billable statuses, and gain clinical insights in this comprehensive guide. , inferior vena cava thrombosis) Chronic: Chronic venous insufficiency* Complex regional pain syndrome Lymphedema Postthrombotic syndrome Proximal vein compressionICD-10-CM Code I83. Here are some widely used codes, accompanied by their respective clinical descriptions: I87. 303. Explore this short guide to the ICD-10 code used for venous insufficiency and learn more about the code’s billability, synonyms, and clinical descriptions. 2 is a valid billable ICD-10 diagnosis code for Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) . I87. 331. 321 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of right lower extremity. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. Chronic venous htn w inflammation of bilateral low extrm; Peripheral vein htn, chronic, inflamed, bilateral; Stasis dermatitis of bilateral lower extremities due to chronic peripheral venous hypertension. (L85. 0): 299 Peripheral vascular disorders with mcc; 300 Peripheral vascular disorders with cc; 301 Peripheral vascular disorders without cc/mcc; Convert I87. DVT is the primary cause of pulmonary embolism. Such retrograde venous blood flow is the result of incompetent venous valves, valve destruction, or venous obstruction. 1-, I83. Learn about common codes, billable statuses, and gain clinical insights in this comprehensive guide. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code I87. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. 500 results found. New ways to treat such symptoms need to be. Stasis dermatitis. 299: Atherosclerosis of native arteries of. 9 may differ. C5 — Healed. 8 ileum K59. FY 2016 - New Code, effective from 10/1/2015 through 9/30/2016. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code L98. Short description: Varicose veins of unsp lower extremity with inflammation The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I83. Personal history of other venous thrombosis and embolism. Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. 2 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) Dermatitis stasis; Diabetes type 2 with statis ulcer; Peripheral venous insufficiency; Stasis dermatitis; Stasis dermatitis without varicosities; Stasis ulcer due to type 2 diabetes mellitus; Stasis ulcer of leg without varicose veins. 8 intestinal K59. Treatment is directed at the causes of edema and preventing ulceration. 322. Referral just states wound care to amputation site. Some conditions that make you more likely to get venous stasis dermatitis include: High blood pressure. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM I87. Stasis dermatitis is inflammation, typically of the skin of the lower legs, caused by chronic edema. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code L27. E11. Venous ulcers (venous insufficiency ulceration, stasis ulcers, stasis dermatitis, varicose ulcers, or ulcus cruris) are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs (hence leg ulcers). Find out more. Search Results. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM E11. ICD coding. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I12. 1 Dyshidrosis. Background Muscle pump dysfunction is an essential component of chronic venous disease (CVD) pathology. 89. 322 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of left lower extremity. Chronic venous insufficiency affects up to 5% of people in the US. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code I87. When chronic venous insufficiency is the cause, other manifestations usually include varicose veins, purpura jaune d'ocre (a yellow-brown discoloration due hemosiderin deposits in the dermis), and lipodermatosclerosis (sclerosis of subcutaneous fat caused by panniculitis Panniculitis Panniculitis describes inflammation of the subcutaneous fat that. •Know when you should really ask 10. 2 is a billable diagnosis code used to specify venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral). Venous insufficiency results in sustained venous hypertension and chronic inflammatory changes in the dermal tissues, which can lead to lipodermatosclerosis, skin ulceration and chronic edema. If it were a venous leg ulcer due to venous insufficiency I would assume only I87. There are 24 terms under the parent term 'Stasis Dermatitis' in the ICD-10-CM Alphabetical Index . 1 Less common etiologies for lower extremity ulcerations include arterial insufficiency; prolonged pressure. e. 0. 2-) Additional/Related Information. 35 Treatment includes. Dermatitis stasis; Diabetes type 2 with statis ulcer; Peripheral venous insufficiency; Stasis dermatitis; Stasis dermatitis without varicosities; Stasis ulcer due to type 2 diabetes mellitus;. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I83. Postthrom syndrome w ulcer and inflam of unsp low extrm; Postthrombotic ulcer with inflammation; Stasis dermatitis and venous ulcer due to postphlebitic syndrome. Shrinking in the lower part of the calf, often making the calf look like an upside-down bowling pin. chronic venous hypertension due to deep vein thrombosis (. in a Diabetic patient. 9 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Vascular disorder of intestine, unspecified. Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) 500 results found. Jan 21, 2020. 499. Best answers. Varicose eczema, also known as venous, gravitational or stasis eczema, is a long-term skin condition that affects the lower legs. Venous ulcers (venous insufficiency ulceration, stasis ulcers, stasis dermatitis, varicose ulcers, or ulcus cruris) are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs (hence leg ulcers). 1 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Irritant contact dermatitis due to oils and greases. Note. Stasis dermatitis (also known as gravitational dermatitis, venous eczema, and venous stasis dermatitis) causes a red, itchy, scaly rash on the lower extremities. 2 is a billable/specific code for venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral), a condition that causes ulceration of the skin due to venous stasis. 1-, I83. 0): 573 Skin graft for skin ulcer or. 500 results found. Most cases can be treated successfully with conservative measures and topical corticosteroids, and a. 89. I know that anything that falls under the "with" in the alphabetic index for diabetes is an assumed relationship and should be coded as such. Chronic venous htn w ulcer and inflam of unsp low extrm; Chronic venous hypertension with ulcer; Stasis dermatitis and venous ulcer of lower extremity due to. 0 - capillaritis. ICD 10 Codes Include: E08. 2-) Use Additional. 91 Atherosclerosis I83. 3 - other international versions of ICD-10 I87. Lipodermatosclerosis is a skin and connective tissue disease. I83. 603 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Unspecified atherosclerosis of nonbiological bypass graft (s) of the extremities, bilateral. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code I87. 500 results found. 500 results found. Chronic panniculitis with lipomembranous changes, [1] hypodermitis sclerodermiformis, sclerosing panniculitis, stasis panniculitis [2] : 489. 8. Is diabetic Peripheral angiopathy the same as PVD?Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. :846. Peripheral vasodilators. Short description: Type 2 diabetes mellitus with oth circulatory complications. 9 Non-pressure chronic ulcer of unspecified part of lower leg. Peripheral vein htn, chronic, ulcer, inflamed; Stasis dermatitis and venous ulcer of bilateral lower extremities due to chronic peripheral venous hypertension; Venous stasis edema with ulcer of bilateral legs with inflammation;. 39 may differ. A, Nirmala S. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code O36. 025 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Varicose veins of left lower extremity with ulcer other part of foot. Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. Aging reduces muscle strength which further weakens the venous return. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. What is the ICD 10 code for venous stasis ulcers? Venous insufficiency I87. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code L97. 322. 8 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Other specified disorders of veins. Applicable To. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. 322 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of left lower extremity. 718. Find out more. Dysfunction of the calf muscle pump [2]. Find out more. S. Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. L85. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code D71. 59 - other international versions of ICD-10 E11. I87. When the valves of deep veins are. ICD-10 code I87. Stasis dermatitis has a predilection for the medial malleolus and medial leg and typically presents as broad red, purple, or brown patches, associated with pedal edema and venous insufficiency. Chronic venous htn w inflammation of bilateral low extrm; Peripheral vein htn, chronic, inflamed, bilateral; Stasis dermatitis of bilateral lower extremities due to chronic peripheral venous hypertension. :846 They are the major occurrence of chronic wounds. ICD-10-CM Code L97. Search Results. 33. The following code (s) above L30. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of L85. 319 is grouped within Diagnostic Related Group(s) (MS-DRG v 41. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code K59. 500 results found. 329 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of unspecified lower extremity. Irritant contact dermatitis related to digestive stoma or fistula. Shankar S. Chronic venous hypertension w. Despite its prevalence, little research has been pursued into this pathology when compared to similarly common conditions. I87. Venous ulcers (venous insufficiency ulceration, stasis ulcers, stasis dermatitis, varicose ulcers, or ulcus cruris) are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs. 7X. Post-thrombotic syndrome is chronic venous insufficiency caused by deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Clinical information about stasis dermatitis: Stasis Dermatitis is the term that. 319 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with ulcer of unspecified. Learn about common codes, billable statuses, and gain clinical insights in this comprehensive guide. Stasis dermatitis of left lower extremity due to peripheral venous hypertension; ICD-10-CM I87. Venous stasis edema of left leg; Venous stasis edema of left lower limb; ICD-10-CM I87. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code L08. Stasis dermatitis is inflammation of the skin of the lower legs resulting from the pooling of blood and fluid. Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. This was the first year ICD-10-CM was implemented into the HIPAA code set. Showing 101-125: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code L23. A type 2 excludes note represents "not included here". stasis dermatitis with varicose veins of lower extremities (I83. 332. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. Showing 1-25: ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. Stasis dermatitis (SD), also known as venous dermatitis, is a form of inflammatory dermatitis of the lower extremities that typically occurs in older individuals and represents a cutaneous manifestation of venous hypertension. 323 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of bilateral lower extremity. 811 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. Venous ulcers (venous insufficiency ulceration, stasis ulcers, stasis dermatitis, varicose ulcers, or ulcus cruris) are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs (hence leg ulcers). C2 — Varicose veins; diameter > 3 mm. I83. 03. Chronic venous hypertension (idiopathic) with inflammation of bilateral lower extremity. 2, Varicose veins of lower extremities; however Coding Clinic Second Quarter 1991, page 20, states: "if neither varicose veins or past deep vein thrombosis is involved, the code assignment would be 459. Varicose veins of bilateral lower extremities with pain. Stasis dermatitis refers to the skin changes that occur in the leg as a result of "stasis" or blood pooling from insufficient venous return; the alternative name of varicose eczema comes from a common cause of this being varicose veins. Researchers are studying whether this may be an effective treatment for stasis dermatitis. Note. Find out more. 9. I11 Hypertensive heart disease. Irritant cntct derm rel to fecal or urinary stoma or fistula; Irritant contact dermatitis related to colostomy; Irritant contact dermatitis related to enterocutaneous fistula; Irritant contact dermatitis related to ileostomy. However, treatments are available to help keep it under control. ICD-10-CM Code L97. chronic venous hypertension due to. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code I87. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code I87. Ischemic colitis; Vascular insufficiency of intestine; Ischemic colitis; Ischemic enteritis; Ischemic enterocolitis. Type 1 Excludes. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I83. Explore ICD-10-CM codes for Venous Stasis Dermatitis. Atony of colon. #1. Lipodermatosclerosis is also known as venous stasis panniculitis or hypodermitis sclerodermaformis. 1-, I83. Learn about common codes, billable statuses, and gain clinical insights in this comprehensive guide. chronic venous hypertension due to. C1 — Telangiectasias or reticular veins. Find out more. Explore this short guide to the ICD-10 code used for venous insufficiency and learn more about the code’s billability, synonyms, and clinical descriptions. 39 may differ.